14.3.2009 von admin.

Quelle: http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4106056,00.html

Xenophobia on the Rise Among German Youth, Study Says, dw-world, society, 17.3.2009

“The kids are not all right — that’s the finding of a recent survey of young Germans. Particularly worrisome is a rise in hostility toward foreigners. But Germany’s interior minister also sees reason for hope.

German Interior Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble and the director of the institute that carried out the study, Christian Pfeiffer, presented it to the public in Berlin on Tuesday, March 17.

Entitled “Young People in Germany as Victims and Perpetrators of Violence,” the study surveyed attitudes on a variety of issues among 45,000 ninth-graders.

The survey found that one in every seven young Germans, or 14.4 percent, could be considered “very hostile to foreigners.” And just under 30 percent responded in the affirmative when asked whether they thought whether there were too many foreigners in Germany.

The study also found that 4.9 percent of male respondents were affiliated with far-right groups — far more than were involved in mainstream German politics.

“It’s terrible that the Far Right has more success attracting young males than the established political parties,” Pfeiffer told reporters. Schaeuble said he was “shocked” by the results.

In addition, 6.4 percent of young males gave answers that suggested they held antisemitic views.(…)” Quelle: dw-world.de

>Deutsche Welle is Germany’s international broadcaster. It carries out its legally defined mission while remaining journalistically independent. DW produces and provides media services throughout the world with DW-TV, DW-RADIO, DW-WORLD.DE and the DW-AKADEMIE.<

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13.3.2009 von admin.

Quelle: vgl. http://usa.usembassy.de/gesellschaft.htm

Die ersten europäischen Einwanderer in der Geschichte Nordamerikas stammten aus England und den Niederlanden. In der Hoffnung auf neuen Wohlstand, wirtschaftlichen Aufstieg und religiöse und politische Freiheit strömten in der Folgezeit Immigranten aus zahlreichen weiteren Ländern in die Vereinigten Staaten. Ihren Höhepunkt erreichte die Einwanderungswelle in der Zeit von 1892 bis 1924.
Im späten 19. Jahrhundert richtete die US-Regierung eine besondere Einwanderungsstelle auf Ellis Island ein. Diese Einrichtung war von 1892 bis 1954 in Betrieb und wird heute als Teil des Statue of Liberty National Monument erhalten. Die Freiheitsstatue, ein Geschenk Frankreichs aus dem Jahre 1886 an das amerikanische Volk, steht auf einer Insel im Hafen von New York in der Nähe von Ellis Island. Zwischen 1820 und 1979 ließen die Vereinigten Staaten über 49 Millionen Einwanderer ins Land.

1924 wurden die ersten Gesetze zur Begrenzung der zulässigen Einwandererzahl aus den einzelnen Ländern verabschiedet. Die Obergrenze bezog sich auf die Anzahl der Bürger dieses Landes, die bereits in den Vereinigten Staaten lebten. Ab 1965 richtete sich die Immigrationsquote danach, wer zuerst einen Antrag stellte, und die Länderquoten wurden durch Hemisphärenquoten ersetzt. Verwandte von US-Bürgern und Einwanderer mit bestimmter Berufsausbildung wurden bevorzugt ins Land gelassen. 1978 schaffte der Kongress die Hemisphärenquoten wieder ab und setzte eine weltweite Immigrationsobergrenze fest. Die Vereinigten Staaten lassen mehr Einwanderer zu als jedes andere Land in der Welt. Im Jahr 2007 betrug die Zahl aller im Ausland geborenen Amerikaner 38,1 Millionen, das sind ca. 12.6 % der Gesamtbevölkerung. Das 1990 überarbeitete Einwanderungsgesetz sieht eine flexible Obergrenze von 675.000 Immigranten pro Jahr vor, wobei bestimmte Gruppen von dieser Obergrenze ausgenommen sind. Dieses Gesetz versucht, gut ausgebildete Arbeiter und Fachleute in die USA zu holen und Einwanderer aus jenen Ländern, die in den letzten Jahren weniger Einwanderer gestellt haben.

Der U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) schätzt, dass etwas 5 Millionen illegale Einwanderer in den USA leben, und diese Zahl steigt um ca. 275.000 pro Jahr. In den USA geborene Amerikaner und legale Einwanderer sind besorgt wegen des Problems der illegalen Einwanderung. Sie befürchten, dass illegale Einwanderer (auch “illegal aliens” genant) anderen Bürgern, vor allem jüngeren und Angehörigen von Minderheiten, Arbeitsplätze wegnehmen. Ausserdem belasten illegale Einwanderer das durch Steuern finanzierte Sozialleistungssystem. 1986 hat der U.S. Kongress die Einwanderungsgesetze überarbeitet um das Problem der illegalen Zuwanderung in den Griff zu bekommen. Viele Illegale, die schon seit 1982 im Land waren, konnten ihren Status legalisieren lassen und somit auf unbegrenzte Zeit in den USA bleiben. Im Jahr 1990 haben fast 900.000 Menschen von dieser Gesetzesänderung Gebrauch gemacht und sind nun legale Einwanderer. Das neue Gesetz beinhaltet auch strenge Maßnahmen, um die weitere illegale Einwanderung zu bekämpfen und sieht Strafen für Unternehmer vor, die wissentlich illegale Einwanderer beschäftigen.

Der ständige Zustrom von Einwanderern in die USA hatte große Auswirkungen auf den Amerikanischen Charakter. Man braucht Mut und Flexibilität um sein Heimatland zu verlassen und in einem anderen Land ein neues Leben anzufangen. Die Amerikaner sind bekannt für ihre Bereitschaft Risiken einzugehen und neue Dinge auszuprobieren, für ihre Unabhängigkeit und ihren Optimismus. Wenn Amerikaner, deren Familien schon länger im Land sind, Gefahr laufen wirtschaftlichen Komfort und politische Freiheit für selbstverständlich zu halten, dann sind immer die neuen Einwanderer da, um sie daran zu erinnern, wie wichtig diese Privilegien sind.

Einwanderer bereichern auch die Amerikanische Gesellschaft in dem sie Aspekte ihrer eigenen Kultur mitbringen. Viele schwarze Amerikaner feiern Weihnachten ebenso wie Kwanzaa, ein Fest das auf Afrikanischen Ritualen beruht. Hispano-Amerikaner feiern ihre Traditionen mit Strassenfesten und anderen Veranstaltungen am Cinco de Mayo (5. Mai). Und in den meisten Amerikanische Städten gibt es eine Fülle von ethnischen Restaurants….
Präsident John F. Kennedy, selbst ein Enkel von Irischen Einwanderern, faßte diese Mischung aus alt und neu zusammen und nannte Amerika ” eine Gesellschaft von Einwanderern, wo jeder sein Leben neu begonnen hat; unter den gleichen Voraussetzungen. Das ist das Geheimnis von Amerika: eine Nation von Menschen mit der frischen Erinnerung an alte Traditionen, die sich trauen neue Grenzen zu erforschen.. “ 

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13.3.2009 von admin.

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12.3.2009 von admin.

Quelle: http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080307112004ebyessedo0.1716272.html
“13 February 2008

About 16 million immigrants entered the United States through Ellis Island in New York from 1892 to 1924. (© AP Images)

Immigration and U.S. History By Hasia Diner
Hasia Diner is professor of history at New York University in New York City.

Tens of millions of immigrants over four centuries have made the United States what it is today. They came to make new lives and livelihoods in the New World; their hard work benefited themselves and their new home country.

Millions of women and men from around the world have decided to immigrate to the United States. That fact constitutes one of the central elements in the country’s overall development, involving a process fundamental to its pre-national origins, its emergence as a new and independent nation, and its subsequent rise from being an Atlantic outpost to a world power, particularly in terms of its economic growth. Immigration has made the United States of America.

Like many other settler societies, the United States, before it achieved independence and afterward, relied on the flow of newcomers from abroad to people its relatively open and unsettled lands. It shared this historical reality with Canada, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina, among other nations.

In all of these cases the imperial powers that claimed these places had access to two of the three elements essential to fulfilling their goal of extracting natural resources from the colony. They had land and capital but lacked people to do the farming, lumbering, mining, hunting, and the like. Colonial administrators tried to use native labor, with greater or lesser success, and they abetted the escalation of the African slave trade, bringing millions of migrants, against their will, to these New World outposts.

Immigration, however, played a key role not only in making America’s development possible but also in shaping the basic nature of the society. Its history falls into five distinct time periods, each of which involved varying rates of migration from distinctly different places in the world. Each reflected, and also shaped, much about the basic nature of American society and economy”(…)

Quelle: http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080307112004ebyessedo0.1716272.html

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12.3.2009 von admin.

Quelle: vgl. wikipedia 2009 /  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States
001 Immigration has been a major source of population growth.

002 Emigration to the United States of America forced cultural change throughout much of American history.

003 In 2006, the number of immigrants in the USA totaled 37.5 million.

004 The United States accepts more legal immigrants as permanent residents than any other country in the world.

005  “America has constantly drawn strength and spirit from wave after wave of immigrants”. (Bill Clinton 1998)

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4.3.2009 von admin.

001 Mönch, Klosterbruder
002 ergreifen, festnehmen
003 Wache, die / Wachtposten, der
004 Friedhof, Kirchhof
005 zitternd
006 seufzend
007 weinend
008 verdächtig
009 Art, Auftreten, Betragen
010 Menge, die

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4.3.2009 von admin.

001 friar
002 to apprehend
003 watch
004 churchyard
005 trembling
006 sighing
007 weeping
008 suspicious
009 manner
010 multitude

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4.3.2009 von admin.

Geschrieben in Englisch - Romeo and Juliet, English, Antworten - answers | Drucken | Auch die Kommentare sind durch das Passwort geschützt.

4.3.2009 von admin.

Quelle: bibliomania.com
“(…)The friar had been apprehended by some of the watch, coming from the churchyard, trembling, sighing, and weeping, in a suspicious manner. A great multitude being assembled at the Capulets’ monument, the friar was demanded by the prince to deliver what he knew of these strange and disastrous accidents.

And there, in the presence of the old lords Montague and Capulet, he faithfully related the story of their children’s fatal love, the part he took in promoting their marriage, in the hope in that union to end the long quarrels between their families: how Romeo, there dead, was husband to Juliet; and Juliet there dead, was Romeo’s faithful wife; how before he could find a fit opportunity to divulge their marriage, another match was projected for Juliet, who, to avoid the crime of a second marriage, swallowed the sleeping draught (as he advised), and all thought her dead; how meantime he wrote to Romeo, to come and take her thence when the force of the potion should cease, and by what unfortunate miscarriage of the messenger the letters never reached Romeo: further than this the friar could not follow the story, nor knew more than that coming himself, to deliver Juliet from that place of death, he found the count Paris and Romeo slain. The remainder of the transactions was supplied by the narration of the page who had seen Paris and Romeo fight, and by the servant who came with Romeo from Verona, to whom this faithful lover had given letters to be delivered to his father in the event of his death, which made good the friar’s words, confessing his marriage with Juliet, imploring the forgiveness of his parents, acknowledging the buying of the poison of the poor apothecary, and his intent in coming to the monument, to die, and lie with Juliet. All these circumstances agreed together to clear the friar from any hand he could be supposed to have in these complicated slaughters, further than as the unintended consequences of his own well meant, yet too artificial and subtle contrivances.

And the prince, turning to these old lords, Montague and Capulet, rebuked them for their brutal and irrational enmities, and showed them what a scourge Heaven had laid upon such offences, that it had found means even through the love of their children to punish their unnatural hate. And these old rivals, no longer enemies, agreed to bury their long strife in their children’s graves; and lord Capulet requested lord Montague to give him his hand, calling him by the name of brother, as if in acknowledgment of the union of their families, by the marriage of the young Capulet and Montague; and saying that lord Montague’s hand (in token of reconcilement) was all he demanded for his daughter’s jointure: but lord Montague said he would give him more, for he would raise her a statue of pure gold, that while Verona kept its name, no figure should be so esteemed for its richness and workmanship as that of the true and faithful Juliet. And lord Capulet in return said that he would raise another statue to Romeo. So did these poor old lords, when it was too late, strive to outgo each other in mutual courtesies; while so deadly had been their rage and enmity in past times, that nothing but the fearful overthrow of their children (poor sacrifices to their quarrels and dissensions) could remove the rooted hates and jealousies of the noble families.”

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4.3.2009 von admin.

Who is to blame for the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet?

In Shakespeare’s time, the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet would have been their fault because they disobeyed their parents. However, we tend to interpret the story as a love story subject a group of coincidences. Looking at the play, the phrases “star-crossed lovers,” “Fate,” “dreams,” and “misgivings,” all indicate that the two believe that no matter what they do, whatever is going to happen will happen. That said, Romeo’s impatience and willingness to suffer for love contribute significantly to the tragic end.

***
Romeo and Juliet are to blame for this tragedy. Shakespeare is trying to tell us that fate and nothing else is responsible, but they really are. This play was filled with choices that they had. They chose to marry eachother so quickly, Romeo chose to crash the Capulet party, Romeo chose to kill Tybalt, Juliet chose to take the potion, Romeo chose to poison himself. Fate was not responsible for anything that happened.
The Nurse was also responsible because she could have told Lord and Lady Capulet that Juliet married Romeo and Friar Lawrence could have told Lord and Lady Capulet that Juliet was not really dead. But if you really think about it Romeo and Juliet caused this tragedy.

***

It really does vary. An amount of people could be blamed for the tradegy of Romeo and Juliet as just about each person had something against them. If we were answering for the Elizabethian audience, it would havebeen Romeo and Juliet’s fault for falling in love but, in the modern day audience it is a different matter as we see it as ordinary for a girl and boy to fall in love(although mabye not so quickly!)

Personally, I think it is nobody’s but everybody’s fault. I see it as the real fault was the society they lived in (the Patriarchal), this being that the men had more authority over the women and were seena s more superior. This meant that in each household, the father chose the best suitor for their daughter(someone who was rich). This lead to Romeo and Juliet unable to marry in public, which then lead to Juliet faking her death in order to be with the man she loved-you know the rest.

But also, Lord and Lady Capulet are to blame for pressuring Juliet to marry Paris and not Romeo. It could be blamed on Friar Lawrence for encouraging to marriage to end the century long feud betweent he two families and yet it could be blamed mainly on Juliet and Romeo themselves; for being such fools.

Quelle: http://www.enotes.com/romeo/q-and-a/who-blame-for-tragedy-romeo-juliet-106

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27.2.2009 von admin.

“Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written early in the career of playwright William Shakespeare about two young “star-cross’d lovers“^[1] whose untimely deaths ultimately unite their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare’s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers.

Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. Its plot is based on an Italian tale, translated into verse as The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet by Arthur Brooke in 1562, and retold in prose in Palace of Pleasure by William Painter in 1582. Shakespeare borrowed heavily from both, but developed supporting characters, particularly Mercutio and Paris, in order to expand the plot. Believed to be written between 1591 and 1595, the play was first published in a quarto version in 1597. This text was of poor quality, and later editions corrected it, bringing it more in line with Shakespeare’s original text.

Shakespeare’s use of dramatic structure, especially effects such as switching between comedy and tragedy to heighten tension, his expansion of minor characters, and his use of sub-plots to embellish the story, has been praised as an early sign of his dramatic skill. The play ascribes different poetic forms to different characters, sometimes changing the form as the character develops. Romeo, for example, grows more adept at the sonnet over the course of the play.”

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26.2.2009 von admin.

Geschrieben in Englisch - Romeo and Juliet, English, Antworten - answers | Drucken | Auch die Kommentare sind durch das Passwort geschützt.

20.2.2009 von admin.

Shakespeare/Dire Straits: “Romeo and Juliet”

Ergänze das fehlende Wort:  to sing, to write, to appear, to release, to describe…

001 “Romeo and Juliet” is a …………… by the British rock band Dire Straits.

002 It was ……………. by Dire Straits singer and lead guitarist Mark Knopfler.

003 It first …………….. on the 1980 album Making Movies.

004 “Romeo and Juliet” was ……………. as a single in 1981.

005 The song subsequently …………….. on the albums Alchemy and On the Night.

006 Knopfler also …………….. the lead vocal.

007 The lyrics of the song  …………….. a conversation of two lovers.

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